11. K8S之IngressIngress

1. 概述

Ingress 是对集群中服务的外部访问进行管理的 API 对象，典型的访问方式是 HTTP和HTTPS。

Ingress 可以提供7层负载、SSL 和基于名称的虚拟托管。

必须具有 ingress 控制器【例如 ingress-nginx】才能满足 Ingress 的要求。仅创建 Ingress 资源无效。ingress-nginx是最常用的方案

2. 架构图

如图：

ingress-1

当客户端通过域名解析，来访问我们的服务时，其实请求是先到了ingress-nginx，然后由ingress-nginx代理访问到后端的svc上面。

或者是这样的：

ingress-2

3. ingress-nginx 的工作流程

如图：

ingress-control-1

不考虑 nginx 状态收集等附件功能，nginx-ingress 模块在运行时主要包括三个主体：NginxController、Store、SyncQueue。其中，Store主要负责从 kubernetes APIServer 收集运行时信息，感知各类资源（如 ingress、service等）的变化，并及时将更新事件消息（event）写入一个环形管道；SyncQueue协程定期扫描 syncQueue 队列，发现有任务就执行更新操作，即借助 Store 完成最新运行数据的拉取，然后根据一定的规则产生新的 nginx 配置，（有些更新必须 reload，就本地写入新配置，执行 reload），然后执行动态更新操作，即构造 POST 数据，向本地 Nginx Lua 服务模块发送 post 请求，实现配置更新；NginxController作为中间的联系者，监听 updateChannel，一旦收到配置更新事件，就向同步队列 syncQueue 里写入一个更新请求。

4. demo

1.20.x 的k8s 部署ingress-control

# mandatory.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: tcp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: udp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      # Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
      # Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
      # This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
      # when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
      - "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  # replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/port: "10254"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      # wait up to five minutes for the drain of connections
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
        - name: nginx-ingress-controller
          image: quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
            - --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
            - --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
            - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
            - --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            # www-data -> 101
            runAsUser: 101
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              hostPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
              hostPort: 443
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          lifecycle:
            preStop:
              exec:
                command:
                  - /wait-shutdown

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  limits:
  - min:
      memory: 90Mi
      cpu: 100m
    type: Container

通过deployment，把容器和svc部署起来

# pre1_ingress.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp-deploy1
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
      release: v1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
        release: v1
        env: test
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/google_registry/myapp:v1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-clusterip1
  namespace: default
spec:
  type: ClusterIP  # 默认类型
  selector:
    app: myapp
    release: v1
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 81
    targetPort: 80

# pre2_ingress.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myapp-deploy2
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
      release: v2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
        release: v2
        env: test
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/google_registry/myapp:v2
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-clusterip2
  namespace: default
spec:
  type: ClusterIP  # 默认类型
  selector:
    app: myapp
    release: v2
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 82
    targetPort: 80

# 最后尝试启动ingress

# ingress.yml

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-http
  namespace: default
spec:
  rules:
    - host: www.zhangtest.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          backend:
            serviceName: myapp-clusterip1
            servicePort: 81
    - host: blog.zhangtest.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          backend:
            serviceName: myapp-clusterip2
            servicePort: 82
    - host: www.yuan.com
      http:
        paths:
        - path: /
          backend:
            serviceName: python-connect-svc-nodeport
            servicePort: 30002